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" # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ ` 4a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z !  _  XgXXX8gXXdd8@ STATEWIDERESEARCHFRESHWATERFISHERIES   `    #XgXXXgF#XgXXXg@( ( JULY1,1998THROUGHJUNE30,1999#XgXXXg2#XgXXXgԈ $ t    `       `    ANNUALPROGRESSREPORT#XgXXXg#XgXXXg   `     h   F63#XgXXXg~#XgXXXg     @%JamesBulak@ ResearchCoordinator@,,%JohnCrane  @!FisheriesBiologist@$JeanLeitner@!FisheriesBiologist  MichaelMcManusFisheriesBiologist4   `     h     @*  @ S.C.DepartmentofNaturalResources@ DivisionofWildlifeandFreshwaterFisheries@WilliamS.McTeer.,DeputyDirector  @-(, #XgXXXg #XgXXXgl     CONTENTS  'ContenetsPage(s)""I(#.\ \ 4 "YO  5  ii6YO  7 (##XgXXXg#XgXXXgԈ  TablesPage(s)""I(#.D D 4 "YO  5  iv6YO  7 (##XgXXXgV#XgXXXgԈ t FiguresPageh"h"H(#.4 h"YO  5  vii6YO  7 (# #XgXXXg#XgXXXgԈ L  DevelopmentofReservoirSpecificLargemouthBassManagementModels""J(#.M4~ "YO  5  16; YOO   7 (#} Ԉ $ t F!  F! 0  0` (#(#    Summary#""J(#. ` (#` (##4 "YO  5  16 YO   7 (# F!  ݌  ` Ќ  F!  F!f 0  0` (#(#    Introduction#""J(#. ` (#` (##4 "YO  5  16 YO   7 (#< F!f ݌  L  Ќ  F!  F! 0  0` (#(#    MaterialsandMethods#""J(#.,,$` (#` (##4 "YO  5  56wYO  7 (#F! ݌  8  Ќ  F!  F!W0  0` (#(#    ResultsandDiscussion#""J(#.((%` (#` (##4 "YO  5  66YO   7 (#7F!Wr݌ $  Ќ  4 YO  5  6YO  7 F!  F!z0  0` (#(#    Recommendations#`"`"I(#. ` (#` (##4`"YO  5  136YO%   7(#SF!z݌   Ќ  F!  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" (# (##4`"YO  5  556iGYO}G  7(#GvFF݌  8  Ќ  v  vJH0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   _Broodfish_Ԁcollectionandfingerlingproduction#`"`"I(#.B (# (##4`"YO  5  5664IYOHI  7(#vIvJHeH݌ $  Ќ  v  vJ0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   Stocking#`"`"I(#.$ $  (# (##4`"YO  5  576JYOJ  7(#JvJ0J݌   Ќ  v  vK0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   Waterqualitymonitoring#`"`"I(#.00, (# (##4`"YO  5  576NLYObL  7(#LvKK݌   Ќ  v  v/M0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   Fishcollections#`"`"I(#.,,$ (# (##4`"YO  5  596MYOM  7(#Nv/MJM݌   Ќ  v  vN0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   Statisticalanalysis#`"`"I(#.( (# (##4`"YO  5  616lOYOO   7(#OvNN݌   Ќ  F!  F!MP0  0` (#(#    Results#`"`"I(#.L L ` (#` (##4`"YO  5  626PYOP   7(#QF!MPhP݌ p Ќ  v  vQ0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   Pondselectionandstocking#`"`"I(#.  / (# (##4`"YO  5  626tRYOR   7(#RvQQ݌ \ Ќ     ` Waterqualitymonitoring`"`"I(#.00,4`"YO  5  646SYOS   7(#SԈ H    ` Fishcollections`"`"I(#.,,$4`"YO  5  706TYOT   7(#TԈ 4 v  v]U0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   Dataanalysis#`"`"I(#.t t ! 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F!u0  0` (#(#    #XgXXXgho#F!uu݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  XgXXXgInventoryofthefishcommunityoftidalfreshwaterwetlandsofCooperRiver#XgXXXgqv#   XgXXXg  Table1.0 Coverclassifications(%oftotalarea)ofstudysitesfrom_NAPP_Ԁphotos p takennearhightideduringwinterin1973and1994.#`"`"I(#.M (# (##4`"YO  5  176)xYO=x   7(#kxԈ \ F!  F!x0  0` (#(#    Table2.0 ` (#` (#ListofspeciesandmethodbywhichtheywerecollectedintheDeanHall 4 andBonneauFerry_ricefields_.ThesamplingperiodincludespreliminarysamplestakenfromJuly1998toFebruary1999androutinedroptrapsampling,MarchandMay,1999,androutineelectrofishing,AprilandJune1999.#`"`"I(#.| |  (# (##4El`"YO  5  206zYOztrof  7El(#&{F!xy݌ 4 Ќ  DVm  DVm{0       Table3.0 (#(#AbsoluteandrelativeabundanceoffishescollectedintheDeanHalland   BonneauFerry_ricefields_Ԁinthefallof1998byrotenoneapplication.#`"`"I(#. ^ (# (##4El`"YO  5  236&}YO:}trof  7El(#h}DVm{{݌  Ќ  F!  F!~0  0` (#(#    #XgXXXgw#F!~"~݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  XgXXXgGeneticSurveyofSouthCarolinaBluegillpopulations#XgXXXg~#    XgXXXgTable1.0 MeanlengthsandweightsforbluegillcollectedfromSouthCarolina X  populationsin19961997.#`"`"I(#.2 (# (##4El`"YO  5  356,YO@trof  7El(#nԈ D! F!  F!0  0` (#(#    #XgXXXgc#XgXXXgF!݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  F!  F!ˁ0  0` (#(#    Table20 ` (#` (#AllelefrequenciesattwodiagnosticlociforSouthCarolinaBluegill #l! populationssurveyed.#`"`"I(#.. (# (##4El`"YO  5  376߂YOtrof  7El(#!F!ˁ݌ $X" Ќ  DVm  DVm0       Table3.0 (#(#Allelefrequenciesattwodiagnosticlociforbluegillpopulationssurveyed %0!$ in1979and1997withcorrespondingGteststatistics.#`"`"I(#.xxO (# (##4El`"YO  5  386YO trof  7El(#7DVm܃݌ &"% Ќ  #XgXXXgq#XgXXXgRelativeperformanceoftwostrainsoflargemouthbassinstatelakes#XgXXXg# (#' XgXXXg  Table1.0 Allelefrequencies(proportions)forlargemouthbassusedtostockstudy |*%) lakes,withhistoricdataforreservoirswherestocksoriginated.#`"`"I(#.\ (# (##4`"YO  5  496YO  7(#އԈ h+&* DVm  DVmY0       Table2.0 (#(#Meangrowthrateatage1,inmm/day,forMoultrieandWatereestrainsof  largemouthbassstockedinLakeWallaceandSunriseLakewithcorrespondingTteststatisticsandprobabilities.#`"`"I(#.K (# (##4`"YO  5  506ƉYOډ  7(#DVmYu݌ t Ќ  #XgXXXg#XgXXXgRelativeperformanceoftwostrainsoflargemouthbassinfarmponds#XgXXXgˊ# L    XgXXXgTable1.0 Numberofpondsandtotalacresstockedwithdistinctstrainsof $ t largemouthbassin1994and1995.#`"`"I(#.: (# (##4`"YO  5  636AYOU   7(#Ԉ  `   #XgXXXgs#XgXXXgTable2.0 AllelefrequenciesforWatereestrainlargemouthbass_fingerlings_Ԁusedto  8  stockstudypondsin1994and1995,withsurveydataofallelefrequenciesforL.Watereewherestocksoriginated,andsubsequentF1andF2   generations.#`"`"I(#.||% (# (##4`"YO  5  656YOю   7(#Ԉ   DVm  DVmz0       Table3.0 (#(#AllelefrequenciesforMoultriestrainlargemouthbass_fingerlings_Ԁusedto   stockstudypondsin1994and1995,withsurveydataofallelefrequenciesforL.Moultriewherestocksoriginated,andsubsequentF1andF2 \ generations.#`"`"I(#.& (# (##4`"YO  5  666QYOe   7(#DVmz݌ H Ќ  DVm  DVm20       Table4.0 (#(#Waterqualityparametersmeasuredon1994stockedstudyponds,Summer  p 1994Fall1996.#`"`"I(#.( (# (##4`"YO  5  676:YON   7(#|DVm2N݌  \ Ќ  DVm  DVm0       Table5.0 (#(#Waterqualityparametersmeasuredon1995stockedstudyponds,Summer 4 1995Fall1997.#`"`"I(#.( (# (##4`"YO  5  696"YO6   7(#dDVm7݌   Ќ  v  v0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   #XgXXXg.#v݌  (# (# Ќ  F!  F!ږ0  0` (#(#    XgXXXgTable6.0 ` (#` (#Meangrowthrateforage1largemouthbasscollectedin1995.#`"`"I(#.Y (# (##4`"YO  5  726ݗYO   7(#F!ږ݌  Ќ  DVm  DVm0       Table7.0 (#(#Meangrowthrateforage1largemouthbasscollectedin1996.#`"`"I(#.Y (# (##4`"YO  5  736YO   7(#ޙDVmژ݌  Ќ  DVm  DVm}0       Table8.0 (#(#Allelefrequenciesfor_fingerlings_Ԁcollectedin1997frompondsstockedin X  1994and1995.#`"`"I(#.||' (# (##4`"YO  5  756YOÛ   7(#DVm}݌ D! Ќ  #XgXXXg?#XgXXXgGeneticsurveyBrownTroutat_Walhalla_ԀStateFishHatchery #l! #XgXXXg#XgXXXg  Table1.0 Enzymesandlocianalyzedin1998surveyof_Walhalla_ԀNationalFish $D # Hatcherybrowntroutbroodfish.#`"`"I(#.9 (# (##4`"YO  5  806cYOw  7(#Ԉ %0!$ F!  F! 0  0` (#(#    #XgXXXgh#F! ;݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  F!  F!0  0` (#(#    XgXXXgTable2.0 ` (#` (#_Allelle_Ԁfrequenciesandnumberoffishanalyzedatsixpolymorphiclocifor '#& browntroutsampledfrom_Walhalla_ԀFishHatcheryin1988and1998.#`"`"I(#.|!|!\ (# (##4 `"YO  5  826YO  7(#͡F!݌ (#' Ќ  DVm  DVml0       Table3.0 (#(#Fstatisticscalculatedatallpolymorphiclociforbrowntroutcollected |*%) from_Walhalla_ԀFishHatcheryin1988and1998.#`"`"I(#.llF (# (##4 `"YO  5  836YOɣ  7(#DVml݌ h+&* Ќ  #XgXXXgH#XgXXXgGrowthdynamicsoflarvalstripedbassinLakeMarion_mesocosms_#XgXXXg#  XgXXXg  Table1.0 Meansurfacetemperature($C),dissolvedoxygen(mg/L)atdepthof1m, t conductivity(%_mhos_/cm),and_secchi_Ԁdishtransparency(meters)at` (# (# 0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#threesitesintheheadwatersofLakeMarioninAprilandMay,1996and1997.#`"`"I(#.| |  (# (##4`"YO  5  916ZYOn  7(#Ԉ 8  DVm  DVm0       Table2. Meandensity(N/L)ofzooplanktoninupperLakeMarion,199697.#`"`"I(#. Y(#(##4`"YO  5  916YO  7(#.DVm3݌  ` Ќ    DVm  DVm٩0       Table3.0 (#(#MeandensityperliterofzooplanktoninupperLakeMarion,199697.#`"`"I(#.!!] (# (##4`"YO  5  926YOΪ  7(#DVm٩݌  8  Ќ  DVm  DVm0       Table4.0 (#(#Percentoccurrence,bymajortype(bold),ofthezooplanktoncommunity   ofupperLakeMarionandexperimental_mesocosms_#`"`"I(#.H (# (##4`"YO  5  936YO  7(#%DVm݌   Ќ  DVm  DVmĭ0       Table5.0 (#(#Meanlengthandwidth(microns)ofselectedzooplanktoncollectedfrom   LakeMarion,SC,inspringof1996.#`"`"I(#.< (# (##4`"YO  5  946YO  7(##DVmĭ݌ p Ќ  DVm  DVm¯0       Table6.0 (#(#Meandensityperliterofzooplanktononthreedatesinthreeexperimental H treatmentswithinLakeMarion_mesocosms_.#`"`"I(#.C (# (##4`"YO  5  966 YO  7(#LDVm¯ޯ݌ 4 Ќ  DVm  DVm0       Table7.0 (#(#MeandensityperliterofzooplanktoninthreetreatmentswithinLake  \ Marion_mesocosms_Ԁin1996.#`"`"I(#.xx2 (# (##4`"YO  5  966YO1  7(#_DVm݌ H Ќ  DVm  DVm0       Table8.0 (#(#SurvivalandgrowthofstripedbasslarvaeinLakeMarion_mesocosms_Ԁof   varyingzooplankton(_Zoop_)densities#`"`"I(#.XX= (# (##4`"YO  5  976[YOo  7(#DVm݌   Ќ  DVm  DVm<0       Table9.0 (#(#SurvivalandgrowthofstripedbasslarvaeinLakeMarion_mesocosms_Ԁof  varyingzooplankton(_Zoop_)densities.#`"`"I(#.> (# (##4`"YO  5  996YO  7(#ܷDVm<X݌  Ќ  DVm  DVm{0       Table10.0 (#(#Meandensityperliterofzooplanktonintwoexperimentaltreatments X  within_mesocosms_.#!!H(#.* (# (##4!YO  5  1016YO  7(#DVm{݌ D! Ќ  DVm  DVm0       Table11.0 (#(#SurvivalandgrowthofstripedbasslarvaeinLakeMarion_mesocosms_Ԁof #l! varyingzooplankton(_zoop_)densities.#!!H(#.? (# (##4!YO  5  1016YO  7(#)DVm݌ $X" Ќ  DVm  DVmɼ0       Table12.0 (#(#Fooditemsof211larvalstripedbassfromLakeMarion_mesocosms_Ԁin %0!$ 1997.#!!H(#.| |  (# (##4!YO  5  1026YO  7(#(DVmɼ݌ &"% Ќ  DVm  DVmȾ0       Table13.0 (#(#StomachcontentsoflarvalstripedbassinLakeMarion_mesocosms_Ԁin (#' 1997.#!!H(#.| |  (# (##4!YO  5  1036YO  7(#%DVmȾ݌ )$( Ќ  F!  F!0  0` (#(#    #XgXXXgq#F!݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  XgXXXg h+&* LakeBrownLargemouthBassOtolithAgingEvaluation#XgXXXg#  XgXXXg0  Table1.0 (#(#Totallength,weight,sex,ageandyearclassoffishcollectedforageing  fromLakeBrownduringspringelectrofishingsamplingin1997.#!!H(#.W (# (##4!YO  5  A460YOD   7(#rԈ t DVm  DVm0       Table2.0 (#(#AgelengthkeyforlargemouthbasscollectedfromLakeBrownduring L  springelectrofishingin1997.#!!H(#.7 (# (##4!YO  5  A56YO   7(#DDVm ݌ 8  Ќ  DVm  DVm0       Table3.0 (#(#AgefrequencydistributionoflargemouthbasscollectedfromLakeBrown  ` duringspringelectrofishingin1997,basedonagelengthkey.#!!H(#.W (# (##4!YO  5  A56YO0   7(#^DVm݌  L  Ќ  DVm  DVm0       Table4.0 (#(#Meantotallength(cm)withstandarddeviation,byagegroup,of $  largemouthbasspopulationssampledinsixSouthCarolinareservoirsduringspring1997.#!!H(#.- (# (##4!YO  5  A66JYO^   7(#DVm݌   Ќ  x  x,0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#   #XgXXXg'#x,G݌ (#(# Ќ  x    x0 @ 0@` (#(#0@ ` (#` (#0@ (# (# @   FIGURESx>݌̌    XgXXXgInventoryofthefishcommunityoftidalfreshwaterwetlandsofCooperRiver#XgXXXg# \ XgXXXg  Figure1.0 LandmarksandlocationsofstudysitesalongtheCooperRiver.#`"`"I(#.ppW (# (##4`"YO  5  176.YOB   7(#pԈ 4 DVm  DVm0     #XgXXXg#XgXXXgGeneticSurveyofSouthCarolinaBluegillpopulations#XgXXXg`#DVm݌ \(#(# Ќ  DVm  DVm0        `  XgXXXgFigure1.0 (#(#Geneticsimilarity(Rogers1972)ofsevenSouthCarolinabluegill 4 populationssurveyedin1997.#`"`"I(#.pp8 (# (##4El`"YO  5  396fYOztrof  7El(#DVm6݌   Ќ  DVm  DVmG0       Figure2.0 (#(#Geneticsimilarity(Rogers1972)ofwildbluegillpopulationsfromSouth  Carolina(N=7),withwildpopulationsandhatcheriesfromGeorgia(N=18).#`"`"I(#." (# (##4`"YO  5  406YO  7(#DVmGc݌  Ќ  F!  F!p0  0` (#(#    #XgXXXg#F!p݌ l` (#` (# Ќ    STUDYPROGRESSREPORTZSTATE:SouthCarolina0  0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#PROJECTNUMBER:F63(#(# PROJECTTITLE:FisheriesInvestigationsinLakesandStreamsStatewide ` STUDYTITLE:Research 8  JOBTITLE:% !  DevelopmentofReservoirSpecificLargemouthBassManagementModels  `  % "  Summary j $  _  DuringtheprojectperiodJuly1,1998June30,1999recentliteraturedealingwithblackbassmanagementwasreviewedandsummarized.Springelectrofishingsamplingdataprovidedbythefisheriesdistrictswerereviewedandanalyzedbyreservoir,andpreliminaryestimatesofparametersforrecruitment,growth,andmortalityoflargemouthbasspopulationswereextractedwhensufficientdatawereavailable.Inconsistenciesinotolithagingwithinandbetweendistrictsweredetected,leadingtoaworkshoptostandardizeagingproceduresandresolvedifferencesininterpretationofotolith_microstructure_.Aspartofthenewstandard,__subsamples_Ԁof_otoliths_collectedbythedistrictswillbesenttoEastoverforverificationofageassignment.Thestandardizedsamplingprotocoldevelopedpreviouslywassenttooutsideexpertsforreviewandcomment._% #  _Introduction  #l!   XgXXXg ` Theimportanceoflargemouthbass(Micropterussalmoides)tosportfishingin $D # SouthCarolinaiswellknown.AsurveyoffreshwateranglerscommissionedbytheSouthCarolinaWildlifeandMarineResourcesDepartment(_SCWMRD_),predecessoroftheSouthCarolinaDepartmentofNaturalResources(SCDNR),in1990foundthat28%ofallanglers |*%) fishedforlargemouthbass(Logan,1990).Ofanglerswhotargetedaparticularspecies,37%fishedforlargemouthbass.AccordingtoanationalsurveyconductedbytheU.S.DepartmentoftheInterioretal.(1993),approximately50%ofresidentandnonresidentanglersinSouthCarolinafishedforblackbass,primarilylargemouthbass,in1991.Logan(1990)reportedthat48%ofsurveyrespondentsfeltthat_SCWMRD_Ԁshouldpaymoreattentiontothemanagementoflargemouthbass,andsignificantnumberssupportedharvestrestrictionsasmanagementoptions.  ConsiderableeffortisexpendedannuallybydistrictfisheriesbiologistsinSouthCarolinatomonitorthestatusoflargemouthbasspopulationsinreservoirsandstreams.Techniquesforconductinganglercreelsurveys,springelectrofishingandsummer/fallcoverotenonesamplingwerestandardizedtofacilitatetheanalysisandinterpretationofdata.Kirk(1989)summarizedadecisionmakingprocessregardingmanagementoptionsthatcouldfollowfromevaluationoftheharvestpotentialoflargemouthbass,basedondatageneratedfromstandardizedsurveysandsampling.However,therearenodefinitiveguidelinesthatmanagementbiologistsmustfollowwhenmakingmanagementrecommendations.  Birth,growth,anddeatharedynamicprocesseswhichoperatecontinuouslyandinteractivelyonpopulationsoflivingorganisms.Populationstructure,howeveritismeasuredorexpressed,isthecumulativeresultoftheseprocesses(eachactuallyaratefunction)atanypointintime.Structuralindices(agestructure,lengthstructure,relativecondition)providesnapshotswhichhelptocharacterizethestatusofapopulation,butratefunctions(recruitment,growth,andmortality)areneededtoassessthedynamicsofapopulation.  HistoricalspringelectrofishinginSouthCarolinaconsistedprimarilyofthecollectionoflargemouthbasslengthandweightdata.Suchdatawasusefulforthecomputationoftwo h+&* s